Case Study Business Process Reengineering - 2510 Words

Business Process Reengineering AIS Term Paper 900133849 Abstract Make sure the tense is the same Introduction â€Å"I think that this is the work of angels. In a world where so many people are so deprived, it s a sin to be so inefficient.† This is what Dr. Michael Hammer had to say when discussing his 1990s breakthrough business process reengineering idea (The Economist). As defined by Dr. Hammer himself, reengineering is to â€Å"use the power of modern information technology to radically redesign our business processes in order to achieve dramatic improvements in their performance.(HARVARD BUS REV)† The theme of my Management and Leadership class at Concordia is innovation and it enhanced my desire to learn about different innovative techniques in the business setting. We have oft discussed that if a business doesn’t innovate then it will go extinct (Daft and Marcic 311). Business process reengineering is one of the most influential business change movements of all time and it has been mired in controversy and shaken up the business world with both positive and negati ve contributions Literature Section: In 1990, while he was a Computer Science professor at MIT, Dr. Michael Hammer developed his idea of business process reengineering, or BPR for short (Economist) He published an article in the Harvard Business Review where he hoped to usher in a new era business efficiency by evaluating, streamlining, combining, andShow MoreRelatedCase Study: Business Process Reengineering General Motors Corporation900 Words   |  4 PagesCase study: Business Process Reengineering General Motors Corporation   â€Å"General Motors is one of three leading automotive manufacturing companies in the United States. Based in Michigan in 1903 by Henry ford and grew to reach revenue of $150 billion and more than 370,000 employees by 1996. In the 1970s, the automobile market for the major auto makers - General Motors (GM), Ford, and Chrysler- was crunched by competition from foreign manufactures such as Toyota and Honda. In 1999, Ford acquiredRead MoreBusiness Process Reengineering Essay1589 Words   |  7 PagesBackground Business process reengineering has widely become a significant trend in enterprise organizations seeking to innovate and massage business processes. It should come as no surprise that â€Å"over the last decade, numerous organizations have significantly changed their business processes in order to remain competitive in the global market† (Hadaya Pellerin, 2008). The text analyzes business process reengineering as a business process solution for efficiently improving information systems withinRead MoreReengineering The Corporation : Manifesto For Business Revolution1647 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction The book entitled ‘Reengineering the Corporation: Manifesto for Business Revolution’ authored by the renowned reengineering consultants James Champy and Michael Hammer yields great insights regarding the change that the organization desperately requires time to time. Since the start of their book the authors begin in defence of reengineering as they insist that the process of reengineering is more than the forgotten fad of 1990s. This book is a must read for the business managers who have beenRead MoreSupply Chain Management Approach Analysis Essay1034 Words   |  5 PagesThis case study discusses a supply chain management approach analysis and describes how project managers should implement business processes to understand the importance of a successful project implementation. The case analyzes the â€Å"topics related to financial management, accounting, procurement, sales, marketing, contracts, manufacturing, distribution, logistics, the supply chain, strategic pl anning, tactical planning, operations management, organizational structures and behavior, personnel administrationRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Reengineering The Corporation 1230 Words   |  5 PagesREVIEW OF THE BOOK ‘REENGINEERING THE CORPORATION’ ‘Reengineering the Corporation’ is a book by Michael Hammer and James Champy that seeks to address the shortcomings of the various cultures and organizations in the business sector. The authors also give suggestions of how such cultures and processes can be discarded and better business processes adopted. According to them, this would be the only way to achieve the best performance and development in society as a whole. The book is divided into fourRead MoreReengineering The Corporation : A Manifesto For Business Revolution1437 Words   |  6 Pagesthe book Reengineering the Corporation: A Manifesto for Business Revolution, Michael Hammer and James Champy discuss a concept that he originated known as â€Å"reengineering†. The process of reengineering involves coming up with new ideas, specifically processes, which are technologically advanced and extremely effective in completing corporate work. Companies must think ahead so that they will not only succeed today, but also set the rules for future business. A critical part of reengineering involvesRead MoreThe Changing Scenario Of Sbi ( State Bank Of India ) After Adopting The Concept Of Bpr Essay1503 Words   |  7 PagesINTRODUCTION Financial institutions and banks will continuously claim in order to provide the customer driven services. For this the banks and financial institutions are being adopted the unique concepts in business process reengineering i.e., the fundamental rethinking and radical redesign in the business of processes to achieve the dramatic improvements of critical, contemporary measures in performance such as the cost, quality, speed and service. At present the era of cut throat competition in both atRead MoreThe Problem Of Lean Manufacturing1305 Words   |  6 PagesAgain, LT help firm to redesign the patients’ pathway. The significant numbers of waste were eliminated and achieved more efficient process. The patients’ pathways were reduced significantly. From the fact, originally, there were 19 steps in serving patients, but with lean they were reduced to 11. This leads to the deduction in lead time in just 80 minutes [16]. As usual, every theory implemented has its own limitation. For lean thinking, it can help manufacturing industry to achieve in minimizingRead MoreBusinbess Driven Technology1031 Words   |  5 PagesGOT MILK? IT’S GOOD FOR YOU UNLESS IT’S CONTAMINATED CASE STUDY/RESEARCH. Question 1: Explain why the supply chain can dramatically impact a companys base performance ANS: Supply chain management involves the management of information flows between and among stages in a supply chain to maximize total supply chain effectiveness and profitability. The dozens of steps are required to achieve and carry out each of the above components. SCM software can enable an organization to generate efficienciesRead MoreBusiness Process Reengineering2936 Words   |  12 PagesIntroduction – Characterization of BPR 3 Concepts 4 BPR Methodologies 7 A Case study of Ford Motor Company 7 Business Process reengineering failure 10 Keys to Business Process Reengineering success 11 Case Study 11 Summary 12 Introduction – Characterization of BPR Business Process Reengineering explained Coffee Shop scenario Whenever we order our drinks at the coffee shops on a daily basis, we are actually triggering a business process. When the waiter at the coffee shop takes the order at our table

The Hero s Journey The Odyssey - 1833 Words

The Hero’s Journey is a format of writing that follows a similar path: Separation, Initiation, and Return. Odysseus’s adventure, in the epic poem The Odyssey, is a perfect example of the Hero’s Journey. Odysseus is separated from his hometown during the Trojan War, and is put through multiple trials and obstacles that slow his return home. Eventually, he makes his return to Ithaca. I am Matt Farruggio, although I have only been on this Earth for 14 years, I have followed the hero’s journey as well. In my life, I have had some experiences that embody the style of the Hero’s Journey. In my life, I have had to change schools and my dad has had a stroke; during these times I’ve needed to embark on a trip that resembled the Hero’s Journey. My journey changed my way of life as it made me more independent. My school transfer and my dad’s stroke forced me to become a more responsible and resourceful person. In The Odyssey, Odysseus†™ left his homeland to go fight in the Trojan War. He learned what it feels like to be separated from his family and how willing he was to return home. In my life, I became separated from what I knew and what I called home. I was forced to leave my old school and transfer to a new one. This event affected me both mentally and emotionally, and made me grow into a strong-willed person... â€Å"I’m the best in the game,† said my seven year old self. I’ve played soccer for most of my life and was in the car on the way to a game. That day was foggy and wet; ourShow MoreRelatedMythic Hero s Journey : The Odyssey And The Wizard Of Oz1452 Words   |  6 Pages Mythic/Hero’s Journey: The Odyssey and The Wizard of Oz The Mythic/Hero’s Journey is a story that has been passed down to every culture being told by people. The Mythic/Hero’s Journey is a path that is described as going to various stages. It has a beginning point which is the â€Å"ordinary point† and an ending point which is the â€Å"return.† Throughout this journey one encounters the call to adventure, refusal of call, mentor, crossing the threshold, enemies, death, reward, and road. These stages canRead MoreLiterary Criticism Of The Odyssey1604 Words   |  7 PagesAssessment Task 1: Essay on The Odyssey The Odyssey by Homer was written during around 700 B.C and it is the second-oldest extant work of Western literature. The Odyssey is an epic poem and can be understood through the lens of archetypal criticism which explores themes that are based on heroism and the protagonist Odysseus is an epic hero who undergoes a ten-year journey to return to Ithaca. Northrop Frye explains the value of archetypal literary criticism in helping modern readers appreciate theRead MoreOdyssey Archetype Essay996 Words   |  4 Pages Odyssey Archetype Essay The Odyssey, a ten long epic journey consisting of love, war, and despair; the odyssey dives into human tragedy that no man would ever want to experience. This is a reason why the odyssey is so significant to today s literature. The Odyssey occurred ancient Greece times. The odysseys genre is an adventure but has aspects of all other genres. In this essay I will be explaining the archetypes in the odyssey that are most relevant in the Odyssey. I will be going into fullRead MoreTennyson vs Homer Ulysses Vs Oddyseus1667 Words   |  7 PagesTennyson s portrayal of Odysseus in the poem Ulysses. Whereas Odysseus wishes to complete his journey and find relief, Ulysses seeks to continue on a never-ending one. Homer s Odyssey and Tennyson s Ulysses have different desires and their desires lead them on contrasting quests. The hero in Homer s depicts Odysseus as a hero in the process of completing a journey home. The portrayal of Ulysses is a hero that has already completed his journey, but he wishes to go back on another journey. OdysseusRead MoreThe Odyssey Archetype998 Words   |  4 PagesOdyssey Archetype Essay The Odyssey, a ten year long epic journey consisting of love, war, and despair; the odyssey dives into human tragedy that no man would ever want to experience. This is a reason why the odyssey is so significant in today s literature. The Odyssey occurred ancient Greece times. The odysseys genre is an adventure but has aspects of all other genres. This essay be explaining the archetypes in the odyssey that are most relevant in the Odyssey. This essay will be going intoRead MoreAthena In The Odyssey1592 Words   |  7 Pagesstory of homer s epic poem the The Odyssey takes place ten years after the Trojan War is over. There are many heroes of the war that come home to their families, however there are even more that are lost through the long struggling years of the war. Of the few who stayed behind, Odysseus goes through battle after battle, problem after problem, and has had the most trouble coming home. The story opens in the tenth year since the war has ended, almost 20 years sin ce our mighty hero Odysseus went toRead MoreOdysseus Is A Hero?1143 Words   |  5 PagesThe Odyssey by Homer, The character Odysseus is one of the greek heros in this book. He is known as a great hero, because he manages to get through all of these dangerous mission such as : First odysseus makes it alive after travelling for ten years and facing different and more difficult challenges. Odyssey faces dangerous creatures and people. Homer have odysseus pass all theses task and missions to name him one of the great greek gods that ever lived . Some may say Odysseus is not a hero butRead MoreThe Aeneid, The Hero Aeneas Essay1731 Words   |  7 PagesIn Virgil’s â€Å"Aeneid†, the hero Aeneas, a Trojan who traveled to Italy, is faced with a series of challenges. To overcome these challenges, Aeneas seeks help from the gods as he tries to make his way back home. In Homer’s â€Å"The Odyssey†, the hero Odysseus spends ten years trying to return to his homeland, Ithaca. Both heroes face similar challenges that they need to overcome in order to accomplish their goals. The Odyssey has two characters that hinder the hero’s journey; Calypso and Circe. The AeneidRead MoreBeowulf : A Man Of Great Power Essay1567 Words   |  7 PagesLiterary epics tend to follow the basic path in their plotlines of a hero who undergoes a quest, and Beowulf is no different. Beowulf is unique in that his tale is split into two stories taking place decades apart, one when he is a young warrior and the other when he is an old and wise king. Both stories follow the basic structure for a literary epic, a talented hero is charged with a quest, proves himself with a smaller feat, is aided by supplementary characters, enters a foreign and often supernaturalRead MoreThe Epic Of The Odyssey Essay942 Words   |  4 Pagesman who knows it s his right to be king, but who has to deal with adversity in order to get there. However, compared to Odysseus in The Odyssey, who is strong, but untrusting, we will soon see that Sunjata is not only a man but a hero. In both texts we see each man adored by many and even compared to Gods like Odysseus in The Odyssey. However, when we break down the words of each epic we are faced to confront the truths of what a hero really is. This claim explains why The Odyssey expresses a false

Introduction to System Design

Question: Discuss about theIntroduction to System Design. Answer: Introduction It is important to develop proper system design that can satisfy the specified requirements. In addition, providing executives with proper direction and creating decision-making framework for information technology would be helpful for the business. Scalability is one of the characteristics of a particular system that explains its capability in order to cope and perform under increased and expanded workload. In the present report, groups of people required for the business in analyzed. In addition, the methods needed for discovering of the system are analyzed in the present report along with describing recommendations for the franchise. Groups of People Required for the Business As stated by Becker et al. (2013, p.62), system design is the application of the system towards development of the products. In the present case scenario, a teacher desires to begin a Math tutorial class for children of primary school in Melbourne. Students: The class room would be mobile class room that can move around several schools in Melbourne. In order to start such business, it is required to identify the groups of people. They need to talk with the students at first. Parents: As the business deals with tutoring, it is needed to talk with the guardians or parents of the students. Caetano et al. (2016, p.631) mentioned that feedback from their site is vital to create plan and understand necessity of the business. It is also crucial to understand demands of the parents that would be helpful for the business owner to prepare delivered to the students. In addition, the business is directly linked with Math tutoring through mobile classroom. Hence, it is vital to classify the students and talk with them regarding the essentiality and benefits of the mobile classroom (Catthoor et al. 2013, p.522). Business owner: Norman and Verganti (2014, p.622) asserted that one of the vital stakeholders involved in the program is business owner. As the classroom would be independently managed by the franchise, it is required to meet with the learning materials and other materials such as online teaching materials and quizzes. Hence, talking with them would be really helpful for Mrs Ada Lovelace to make system design of the business. School administration: Along with these, the business owner needs to talk with school administration in order to get permissions for allowing their students to take participates in the mobile classroom program (Rappaport et al. 2015, p.621). Consultancy firm: In order to start a business, it is required to develop management report for explaining the entire concepts of the systems. Thus, talking with consultancy firm (NMC Consultancy) is important for starting the business. Methods for Discovering the Requirements in the System It is crucial to explain the requirements of the system that can be descried through system analysis phase activities. Gold (2014, p.522) commented that Joint application development (JAD) is one of the vital methods included in the models for determining requirements of the system design. Rapid application development as well as agile methods would assist to meet the needs of particular system. According to Friedman (2014, p.62), utilization of functional decompositions to the functions of business and procedures are involved within the process of identifying system requirements. Boehm and Thomas (2013, p.414) asserted that system analysis skill is a strong analytical as well as interpersonal skill that based on techniques of the team. It has target to deliver best possible system in lowest cost in the shortest time. In the present case scenario, joint application development brings the owner of the business into the process of design. Rapid application development is condensed vers ion for development of life cycle. On the other hand, agile methods make stress intense for interacting between owners of the business and arrangers of the business (Cline et al. 2015, p.321). Joint application development brings the owner of the business into the procedure of development as actively participants. Engagement of the users in formal process of the system would assist to create successful system. The role of JAD participants is included as leader of the business and participants get insulated from distracting day-to-day operations. On the other hand, rapid application development uses the group approach such as JAD. New information system is involved in order to complete the methodology that includes profitability of getting succeeded. The prototypes are generally modified based on inputs of the users. However, agile methods make an attempt in developing the series of prototypes that are revised and extended into final product of the business. Use of this modeling tools and techniques engage the graphical method; whereas system analysts would determine the requirements of the business. Scalability and Important Factors as Recommendation for Franchise System of scales would be able to maintain and increase the level of performance and efficiency through larger operational demands. In the financial markets, scalability is referred as the financial institutions of the ability that can handle in increased demands. A scalable economy can maintain and enhance margins of profits at the time of increasing sales volume. Scalability needs to be included within the context of business strategy that explains ability of the organization. In present days, technology makes easier in acquiring scale and customers. Scalable business concentrates on implementing the procedures that can lead to make efficient operation in the business (Kim et al. 2015, p.255). There is lack of brand enforcement cause the organizations to lose the core value and decrease scalability. In present scenario, several keys are responsible for developing scalable business. Developing concrete foundation is useful for investing time as well as energy in the system of founda tion. Robust system like powerful software can be helpful to develop details for time-consuming. In addition, focusing on scalable solutions can make expertise in short time. Embracing strategic planning makes a link in idea and getting success and development. Understanding of the business can make preparation to deal with various challenges and prepare for scopes. In addition, concentrating on the core strengths as well as outsourcing for tasks related with the business. Scalability in business is important for recommending franchise business. Several small business modules are included in this process that is ideal for several unit ownership included at the same point. In addition, opening of the business as mobile tutorial coaching can make sense in order to invest in it. Things of perspective franchise of the buyer are excited regarding the process of learning in business. It is vital for the partners of the franchise with well designed and making constant development over the time. It is vital to understand the franchise partners in order to comprehend the business model. Successful business model for franchises spend major time and motivating commission-based on the sales team. Supporting scalability as tools would help to improve the business of franchise (Stampfl et al. 2013, p.222). There are high levels of making consistency that can be related to the business with high level of consistency. Leverage of existing assets expands business of th e organization that leverages for existing assets to get the market sooner. The platform works for the organization. The organization of franchise requires making proper plan in arranging mobile classroom program. Every classroom need to be independently owned as well as managed. The learning equipments and materials like games and online teaching materials need to be gathered in the organization. The franchisee needs to make proper stakeholder management technique to arrange all supporting materials of online teaching. Linking to mobile computers to each of the classrooms require accessing of the learning materials. The learning materials need to be cached locally within the mobile classroom. Bus of the classrooms are required to provide waiting longue for guardians or parents and allow them to bring own device (Putnik et al. 2013, p.633). Large screen tablets are required to supply in the mobile classroom to each of the students. In addition, mobile class room needs to be eco-friendly that is suitable for the students. Moreover, the franchise needs to make plan to expand their business in Sydney and Brisbane. Therefore, it is required to understand demands of those areas and develop strategy for fulfillment. Central support likes booking system and finance management would be helpful to get success in the business of particular franchise. Hence, developing proper system design would be helpful for success and getting profit in the business. Conclusion From the above discussion it can be concluded that, there are several points allow the business to make it scalable as well as profitable in the market condition. Standardization provides advantages from getting ability in order to get success in the market. Proper way of creating standard procedure is vital for completing the work. Continuous management is the biggest assets of the organization. It is helpful to move different parts of the organization and make the turn easier. In order to overcome the challenges and improve on the business, it is required to take measures that would assist to gain competitive advantages in the business. References Becker, J., Kugeler, M. and Rosemann, M. eds., 2013.Process management: a guide for the design of business processes. Springer Science Business Media. Boehm, M. and Thomas, O., 2013. Looking beyond the rim of one's teacup: a multidisciplinary literature review of Product-Service Systems in Information Systems, Business Management, and Engineering Design.Journal of Cleaner Production,51, pp.245-260. Caetano, A., Silva, A.R., Tribolet, J., Neves, J. and Sinogas, P., 2016, June. The Modify Project: Combined Business and System Modeling for Adaptable Enterprise Computing System Design. InATAS Conferncia APSI(Vol. 1, No. 1). Catthoor, F., Wuytack, S., de Greef, G.E., Banica, F., Nachtergaele, L. and Vandecappelle, A., 2013.Custom memory management methodology: Exploration of memory organisation for embedded multimedia system design. Springer Science Business Media. Cline, B.G., Galvin, J.P. and Lawwill, J.W., International Business Machines Corporation, 2015.Balance management of scalability and server loadability for internet protocol (ip) audio conference based upon monitored resource consumption. U.S. Patent Application 14/852,507. Friedman, B., Kahn Jr, P.H., Borning, A. and Huldtgren, A., 2013. Value sensitive design and information systems. InEarly engagement and new technologies: Opening up the laboratory(pp. 55-95). Springer Netherlands. Gold, S.C., 2014. The design of a business simulation using a system-dynamics-based approach.Developments in Business Simulation and Experiential Learning,30. Kim, M.S., Qiao, L., Raman, V. and Shekita, E.J., International Business Machines Corporation, 2015.Systems, methods and computer program products for reducing hash table working-set size for improved latency and scalability in a processing system. U.S. Patent 9,069,810. Norman, D.A. and Verganti, R., 2014. Incremental and radical innovation: Design research vs. technology and meaning change.Design issues,30(1), pp.78-96. Putnik, G., Sluga, A., ElMaraghy, H., Teti, R., Koren, Y., Tolio, T. and Hon, B., 2013. Scalability in manufacturing systems design and operation: State-of-the-art and future developments roadmap.CIRP Annals-Manufacturing Technology,62(2), pp.751-774. Rappaport, T.S., MacCartney, G.R., Samimi, M.K. and Sun, S., 2015. Wideband millimeter-wave propagation measurements and channel models for future wireless communication system design.IEEE Transactions on Communications,63(9), pp.3029-3056. Stampfl, G., Prgl, R. and Osterloh, V., 2013. An explorative model of business model scalability.International Journal of Product Development,18(3-4), pp.226-248.

The Tempest is based around a key a idea of reuniting family through what may appear to the characters as bizarre coincidence, but in fact is the outcome of witchcraft/magic Essay Example Essay Example

The Tempest is based around a key a idea of reuniting family through what may appear to the characters as bizarre coincidence, but in fact is the outcome of witchcraft/magic Essay Example Paper The Tempest is based around a key a idea of reuniting family through what may appear to the characters as bizarre coincidence, but in fact is the outcome of witchcraft/magic Essay Introduction Shakespeare’s, â€Å"The Tempest† is based around a key a idea of reuniting family through what may appear to the characters as bizarre coincidence, but in fact is the outcome of witchcraft/magic. It is widely thought the main character (Prospero) is a transformation of the famous writer himself, William Shakespeare, as Prospero pursues his studies over his people and also is very fond of his daughter. We are first introduced to Prospero in Act I Scene II where we see his daughter Miranda questioning him about the shipwreck, here Shakespeare uses conversation as a tool to build up our first impressions of Prospero and to explain his past. My first impression is that he is quite self-centred as he tries to portray himself as a great character and role model to Miranda as is all his actions are for her benefit, â€Å"No harm. I have done nothing but in care of thee,† The Tempest is based around a key a idea of reuniting family through what may appear to the characters as bizarre coincidence, but in fact is the outcome of witchcraft/magic Essay Body Paragraphs This could also be interpreted as the role of a loving father but then Prospero goes on to tell her about her past which he has kept from her for twelve years, is this so loving? Prospero may well have been attempting to protect his daughter, or it may appear to the audience that he was purposely withholding information from her just to ensure that his plan went ahead accordingly. He also talks of how he was unfairly overthrown from his prestigious position as Duke of Milan, but yet Antonio is not here to defend himself so as an audience we may stop to question whether this view is entirely true as he tries to dismiss the fact that he was more concerned with his studies. He desperately tries to maintain a high level of respect from Miranda, â€Å"Thou attend’st not? O, good sir, I do.† This gives me the impression that he is esteemed by power, thrilled by the fact that he has such authority, unintentionally portraying himself as domineering. Throughout the play we are a ble to see the duality in Prospero’s character. Shakespeare shows us two distinct sides to Prospero, one being the tyrant and the other being the protector. If we look at him as the tyrant we can firstly look at the main reason of the play; the shipwreck. Even though Prospero didn’t harm anyone onboard the ship, he still caused the shipwreck, at first it appears that this is an abuse of his power, but the thing that strikes me most is that it was actually Ariel who caused the storm but Prospero doesn’t reveal this to Miranda and even puts her to sleep before summoning Ariel. (This again could be seen as the role of a protecting father.) A key implement in Prospero’s strive for power is his cloak, when wearing it he is in complete control and then once removed he returns to being the loving father. Shakespeare takes care to ensure that the elements of his loving father side are still apparent, e.g. when he tells Miranda of how her smile helped to sustain h im through the journey from Milan to the island, â€Å"Thou wast that did preserve me. Thou didst smile, Infused with a fortitude from heaven,† The biggest debate, in my opinion, is whether Prospero caused Miranda and Ferdinand to fall in love or whether it was natural. We can look at it from both the tyrant and the protector side. It appears that Prospero has set everything up down to the very last detail to guarantee that his plan will work and hence Miranda and Ferdinand will marry.but does that mean that he made them fall in love? Yes and no, you could argue yes because if it weren’t for his plotting they would never have met in the first place, but no in the sense that he pretended to be against the idea so as to test that Ferdinand’s love was real. Throughout the play there is a continuing sense that Prospero is like a god. He is in control of his domain, has caused everything that has happened to take place, and has power over every situation. He is omnip resent in the sense that he sends Ariel to keep watch over everything that’s going on and to goad and generally cause havoc, Ariel then reports back to Prospero so that he is kept up to date and can begin to plot his next plan of action. Again, here Shakespeare seems to provoke a domineering image of Prospero and this also highlights his treatment of Ariel. Any time Ariel asks Prospero about when he will finally be released, Prospero reminds him of the treacherous life he rescued him from. As readers we can see that this is quite hypocritical as Prospero rescued Ariel from one life of slavery and plunged him straight into another, â€Å"Dost thou forget From what torment I did free thee?† Prospero’s treatment of Ariel varies as one minute he’s referring to him as â€Å"malignant thing† and then the next, â€Å"My quaint Ariel,† so again Prospero could be perceived as being contradictory. In Act II Scene I the idea of Prospero as a god is fur ther progressed, when he tests Sebastian and Antonio through Ariel by providing them with the chance to kill Alonso and Gonzalo, here we see Shakespeare using similar temptation as in Macbeth. When Prospero commands Ariel to awaken the victims Shakespeare lightens the mood by putting in a witty song, written in rhyme. Although it may appear that Sebastian and Antonio are in control, we as the audience know that Prospero is the real force behind it all, testing them to a certain extent and then stopping. If we look now to Prospero’s treatment of Caliban, we see that even though he is in the same position as Ariel, Caliban reacts very differently to his situation. Caliban believes that every bad thing that happens to him is down to Prospero. As an audience we can justify that Prospero is in fact innocent with regards to the pinching, scaring, annoying, misleading, chattering, biting and hissing, and we may begin to see how Shakespeare uses Caliban to show us that Prospero isnâ €™t to blame all the time. We also begin to understand why Prospero refers to him in such a rude manner, e.g. â€Å"freckled whelp†, â€Å"lying slave†, and â€Å"filth†. In Act III Scene II we are again shown how differently the two creatures react to their treatment when Caliban tells Trinculo and Stephano that Prospero stole the island from his possession, â€Å"As I told thee before, I am subject to a tyrant, a sorcerer, that by his cunning hath cheated me of the island.† Ariel, although again invisible, responds in opposition with â€Å"Thou liest.† This, from the view of the audience, again reinforces our perception that Prospero may be loving after all as Ariel has a tendency to exaggerate as well as Caliban but yet he supports Prospero on this account. Another godlike trait of Prospero is his tendency to test people, we continually see him do this throughout the play and one of the most important times we see this, when Shakespeare has him positioned above the scene in full view of the audience is in Act III Scene III when he commands the spirits to enter with a banquet and then when they approach to feast Ariel stops them with a speech, rather like a sermon, educating rather than punishing, summing up the play with, â€Å"You fools! I and my fellows Are ministers of Fate† Here Shakespeare imposes the idea of heaven and hell by having Ariel dressed as a Harpy (creature of hell) and the good and bad divide with the god watching over. But in some cases it may be perceived that Prospero is actually and evil god as he is teasing them with food. Even though Alonso thinks he has been punished for abandoning Prospero in his hour of need, we as the audience know that he hasn’t truly been punished but in fact that his son is alive and so here we may realise that Prospero isn’t really out for revenge. This scene shows us Prospero in control, as a magician, and also as a godlike figure. The language Shak espeare chooses to use in Ariel’s speech is very strong, the use of â€Å"you† may even make members of the audience feel as though he is talking to them. This play has a continuing theme of denouement, i.e. the untying of knots, and this is the structure of all of Shakespeare’s plays. In Act IV Scene I we see both the tyrant and the loving father side as Prospero addresses Ferdinand on the matter of sex before marriage, even though he is still being very formal and in some ways quite aggressive it is due to his love for Miranda, by handing her over to marriage with Ferdinand Prospero describes the process as giving away, â€Å"A third of mine own life† And therefore Shakespeare encourages members of the audience to empathise with Prospero. At the same time people may see this as his possessive nature, treating Miranda like his property, and quite chauvinistic but we must remember that this is what father’s did in that period. Throughout Act IV the image of Prospero as a playwright/director is built up increasingly, he makes it clear that the fun and games are over now, it was just like a game of chess to him with the King being cornered. In line 184, Prospero again is quite contradictory when he calls Ariel, â€Å"my bird† as the â€Å"my† could either be taken as possessive again or affectionate but then birds are closely associated with freedom but also captivity. When Prospero enters in magic robes in Act V Scene I, he is carrying a staff which of course is commonly used in the bible, both to symbolise power but also to smite things. In line 52 he requests heavenly music, Gonzalo is also described as religious similar to Banquo and King Duncan, i.e. Shakespeare’s â€Å"good† characters are all religious. At the end when we see Prospero set Ariel free, we see Prospero being presented as loving again, as he kept his promise and we can see that he was being truthful all along about trying to resol ve everything. The common theme of Prospero as a god is more definite as he decides what is to be done and has the final words as they leave his domain, his epilogue is quite powerful in the sense that he has had victory over the situation, everything is as he had planned and now he can resume normal life. How does Shakespeare present Prospero in The Tempest? 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